What is the first-line drug treatment for anaphylaxis in adults?

In cases of anaphylaxis, the first-line drug treatment is intramuscular (IM) adrenaline at a dose of 500 micrograms for adults. Anaphylaxis is a severe and potentially life-threatening allergic reaction that demands immediate medical intervention. Adrenaline works quickly to counteract the physiological effects of anaphylaxis by causing vasoconstriction, increasing heart rate, and dilating airways, thus improving breathing.

The prompt administration of adrenaline is crucial as it can rapidly reverse the symptoms of anaphylaxis and prevent the progression to more serious complications, such as respiratory failure or cardiovascular collapse. This intervention not only addresses the immediate symptoms but also serves to stabilize the patient while further treatment measures are initiated.

Other treatments like antihistamines and corticosteroids play important supportive roles in the management of anaphylaxis, but they are not the primary treatment. Antihistamines do not provide the rapid response needed in a life-threatening situation, and corticosteroids, while useful for their longer-term effects, take time to exert their full benefits and should not delay the administration of adrenaline. Intravenous fluids may be necessary in specific situations, particularly if there is significant hypotension, but they do not address the primary issues of airway obstruction or cardiovascular instability inherent