What lab tests are often utilized to assess respiratory function in distressed patients?

The assessment of respiratory function in distressed patients is commonly conducted using arterial blood gases (ABG) and pulse oximetry. ABG testing provides critical information about the levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood, as well as the blood's pH, allowing for a comprehensive evaluation of respiratory efficiency and metabolic status. This data is crucial for diagnosing conditions like respiratory failure, acidosis, or alkalosis.

Pulse oximetry complements this by non-invasively measuring the oxygen saturation of hemoglobin, offering immediate insights into how effectively oxygen is being transported in the blood. Together, these tests form a vital part of the clinical assessment for any patient exhibiting respiratory distress, enabling timely and appropriate interventions.

In contrast, the other options focus on tests that are not specifically aimed at evaluating respiratory function. Urinalysis and blood cultures are more relevant for assessing kidney function and identifying infections. Lipid panels and ECGs primarily focus on cardiovascular health and are not suited for respiratory evaluations. Imaging studies such as X-rays and CT scans can provide information about lung structure but do not evaluate gas exchange capabilities as effectively as ABG and pulse oximetry.