Which of the following is a common sign of sodium bicarbonate overdose?

A common sign of sodium bicarbonate overdose is hypotension. Sodium bicarbonate can lead to an increase in blood sodium levels, resulting in an osmotic diuresis that can cause fluid volume depletion. This depletion can subsequently lower blood pressure, leading to hypotension. In addition, the alkaline nature of sodium bicarbonate may affect the acid-base balance and promote metabolic alkalosis, which can further complicate cardiovascular function and contribute to low blood pressure.

Other options like bradycardia, respiratory distress, and increased heart rate may occur in different clinical contexts but are not typically associated with sodium bicarbonate overdose specifically. Instead, hypotension stands out as a direct consequence of the physiological effects of excessive bicarbonate, making it the correct answer in this setting. It’s important to monitor for signs of electrolyte imbalance and circulatory status after administering sodium bicarbonate to avoid adverse effects like hypotension.